Leadership on Flat Organizational Structure: Focusing on Organization Using Self-Managing Team and Open Allocation Strategy

• Conducted a qualitative comparative case study of Valve Corporation and GitHub on leadership development in flat organizations.
• Examined self-managing teams, open allocation, peer relationships, leader retention, and decentralized decision making using secondary sources and hermeneutic analysis.

Image Retrieval System Using Geotagged Information

• Developed and evaluated an image retrieval system combining textual information with geographic metadata stored in JPEG EXIF fields.
• Used the vector space model and compared TF, IDF, and TF-IDF weighting schemes; evaluated retrieval using precision, recall, and Non-Interpolated Average Precision.
• Demonstrated that geotagging could be integrated with text-based retrieval to support location-aware image search.

Penerapan Algoritma Greedy pada Optimasi Pengaturan Lampu Lalu Lintas Sederhana

[Application of a Greedy Algorithm to Optimize Simple Traffic Light Control]

• Coauthored with Rocky Hartono and Joel THP Hutasoit a proposed greedy-algorithm approach to choosing green-light durations for a simplified four-road traffic intersection.
• Modeled incoming and outgoing vehicle counts, estimated queue densities and candidate signal timings to explore more balanced traffic flow.
• The paper presents an analytical model and proposed algorithm, not a validated real-world traffic deployment; its conclusions acknowledge that greedy selection does not always provide a globally optimal solution.

Design and Development of an Andaliman Dryer Using Quality Function Deployment

• Coauthored and contributed to the design and development of a functional Andaliman dryer using Quality Function Deployment to translate user and product requirements into an engineering solution.
• The team built the physical dryer and formally transferred the completed machine to a local farmer for practical use.

Performance Investigation of Geothermal Power Plant Based on Exergy and Exergoeconomic Analyses

• Served as a research team member and coauthor in a quantitative evaluation of geothermal power plant performance using exergy and exergoeconomic approaches.

Sport Tourism in Lake Toba Area: Moving Forward

• Coauthored a qualitative study of sport tourism potential across eight regencies in the Lake Toba area: Toba, Samosir, North Tapanuli, Karo, Humbang Hasundutan, Dairi, Pakpak Bharat and Simalungun.
• The study used primary interviews and secondary literature to examine regional sport tourism trends and highlighted the need to develop tourism stakeholder capabilities.